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:''This article is about the city's chronological past. For its political evolution, see Madrid capital'' The documented history of Madrid dates to the 9th century, although the area has been inhabited since prehistoric times. The development of Madrid as a city began when Philip II moved his court there from Toledo in the 1560s. Madrid has been the country's capital continuously since 1606. ==History of name== There are several theories regarding the origin of the name "Madrid". According to legend, Madrid was founded by Ocno Bianor (son of King Tyrrhenius of Tuscany and Mantua) and was named "Metragirta" or "Mantua Carpetana". Others contend that the original name of the city was "Ursaria" ("land of bears" in Latin), because of the many bears that were to be found in the nearby forests, which, together with the strawberry tree (Spanish ''madroño''), have been the emblem of the city from the Middle Ages. The most ancient recorded name of the city "Magerit" (for '' *Materit'' or '' *Mageterit''?) comes from the name of a fortress built on the Manzanares River in the 9th century AD, and means "Place of abundant water". If the form is correct, it could be a Celtic place-name from ''ritu-'' 'ford' (Old Welsh ''rit'', Welsh ''rhyd'', Old Breton ''rit'', Old Northern French ''roy'') and a first element, that is not clearly identified '' *mageto'' derivation of ''magos'' 'field, plain' (Old Irish ''mag'' 'field', Breton ''ma'' 'place'), or ''matu'' 'bear', that could explain the Latin translation ''Ursalia''.〔Xavier Delamarre, ''Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise'', éditions errance 2003. p. 258.〕 Nevertheless, it is now commonly believed that the origin of the current name of the city comes from the 2nd century BC. The Roman Empire established a settlement on the banks of the Manzanares river. The name of this first village was "Matrice" (a reference to the river that crossed the settlement). Following the invasions carried out by the Germanic Sueves and Vandals, as well as the Sarmatic Alans during the 5th century AD, the Roman Empire no longer had the military presence required to defend its territories on the Iberian Peninsula.〔 As a consequence, these territories were soon occupied by the Vandals, who were in turn dispelled by the Visigoths, who then ruled Hispania in the name of the Roman emperor, also taking control of "Matrice". In the 8th century, the Islamic conquest of the Iberian Peninsula saw the name changed to "Mayrit", from the Arabic term ميرا ''Mayra'' (referencing water as a 'tree' or 'giver of life') and the Ibero-Roman suffix ''it'' that means 'place'. The modern "Madrid" evolved from the Mozarabic "Matrit", which is still in the Madrilenian gentilic. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「History of Madrid」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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